Tocilizumab for COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Outcomes Assessment Using the WHO Ordinal Scale

https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12290

An observational study was conducted from Feb 2020 to May 2020 on COVID-19 ARDS patients with hyperinflammation.  A total of 244 patients with COVID-19 were admitted, out of which 107 had ARDS. Thirty patients had both ARDS and hyperinflammation and received tocilizumab. The mean age was 62.5 years (SD: 13.5) and the majority were male (83%). The mean CRP pre-treatment was 217.5 mg/L and post 48 to 72 hours of tocilizumab treatment was 98.5 mg/L. Twenty-one patients (70%) also received concomitant intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone. Of the 30 patients, seven died and 20 recovered. Ten patients required intensive care unit admission and nine developed nosocomial infections. COVID-19-associated aspergillosis was diagnosed in three patients post tocilizumab treatment. Mortality was significantly higher in patients who developed a nosocomial infection and who required intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Post-treatment, clinical improvement was observed in patients who had a median score of 5 on the WHO ordinal scale.  Our study supports the use of tocilizumab in COVID-19 ARDS patients with a pre-treatment median WHO ordinal severity score of 5 and recommends the monitoring of nosocomial infections and opportunistic infections.

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